Chronic

I don't think whatever you're doing is working?

On Wednesday, the judge homed in on the issue of banks who settle with the S.E.C. and pledge to not violate the securities laws, yet repeatedly do so. Why then, Judge Rakoff asked, had the commission not brought any contempt charges against large financial firms in the past 10 years?

Mr. Martens, the S.E.C. lawyer, said that the agency felt that there were better and more appropriate ways to deal with chronic misconduct. The S.E.C. has said that striking settlements is often preferable to a costly and protracted lawsuit that it might lose.